Every schematic here is independently redrawn from the underlying circuit —
values, topology, published voltage charts — never scanned or traced from original factory drawings.
Maker names identify circuits descriptively; this project is not affiliated with or endorsed by any
amplifier manufacturer. Circuit data CC-BY-SA · code MIT · tube models CC0.
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⚡ Tube amplifiers carry lethal voltages, and filter capacitors hold
charge long after power-off. Study freely; open a chassis only with high-voltage safety training.